Assignment 13
Name: Heerva Bhatt
Paper :13 The New Literature
Topic: Globalization in One Night @ the Call Center and The White Tiger
Roll No. : 12
Submitted to.: Department of English ,Bhavnagar.
Abstract:-
The present study analyses the impact of Globalization on Indian Literature and culture with reference to Chetan Bhagat’s One Night @ the Call Center and Aravind Adiga’s The White Tiger. The effects of Globalization can be seen in the Indian Literature. Indian fiction finds reflections of various globalization themes. Globalization has assisted in the creation of an American atmosphere in India. Indian culture is no exception to this transformation process. With the emergence of globalization in India, our age old traditions and customs have loosened up their hold. (Sharma)
What is Globalization?
Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nation, a process driving by international trade and investment and aided by information technology”.
The term ‘Globalization’ is derived from the word ‘globalize’, which refers to the emergence of an international network of economic systems.
Globalization is the key word to understand today's world., 'Global Village' is todays slogan.Of course we ,Indians already are aware of "Vasudheav Kutumbakam"mantra in ancient India but today's Globalization is a quite different and is based on scientific development and need of the todays mankind to live,to prosper and to survive more peacefully.
Globalization has no boundaries of family,village,town or of a nation.This way it is boundary less 'All are one 'is the motto here.Everyone can have anything one wants,provided one has capacity to have it.No barrier if one is capable of having it.Science -Technology has made this possible.But this Globalization has other face also.Only rich and power full or say that the 'Fittest to Survive' will get everything that they want or wish while others will be deprived of having the same .Due to their inefficiency or incapability.
But this Globalization has winded our horizon.We are able to have anything which is useful to us.Medicines,Luxurious items,goods and grains and what not?! This Globalization has made our home a "Mini World"and the whole world is a 'Mini-home' to all of us. This has beneficial us all.One can visit,stay or live anywhere and can get everything he wants,if one is capable enough to have it.
It is a continuous process of inter action and integration among the people,companies and governments of different nations,a process driving by international trade and investment and aided by information technology.
The Term 'Globalization' is derived from the world 'Global' which refers to the 'whole world is a village' and to international network of economic systems.
Impact of Globalization on Indian culture:-
Globalization has change our social conditions and its impact on Indian people.We-Indians-have started to live as foreigners are living.Indian People are imitating foreigners in their dresses and make-ups,life-style and behavior. Indians are becoming westernized ! Indians are leaving their traditions,values and are blindly imitating westernized people.Family-relations,respect towards the elderly people, Varna-Aashram based society-structure,marriage -remarriages and other rituals ,celebration of our Indian-festivals and even farming and business -all these have changed.Our education system also diluted and transformed in to fully westernize one!
Thus the Globalization have changed Indian culture-from education to Arts,business,human relationship, style and life-style a lot.Though Indian culture has great potential,we are blindly following the westernized one ! Pizza-Huts and MacDonald's have reached into every city and villages too!Father's Day or X-mas celebration or Mother's Day have taken place with our Holi-Dhuleti ,Dipawali Festivals! Women are coming more free,brave and more alert and socioeconomically independent .This is how Globalization have affected Indian Society and culture.
Impact of Globalization on Indian Literature:-
Globalization have its effects on our Literature too.It has changed the out look of the society,of the author and of the surroundings too. "Literature is the X-Ray image of the life " and so the changes are reflected in to literature too. Globalization have winded the horizon but,on the other side,it has abolished our uniqueness .We have here now Re-marriages and 'Live-in -Relationships'!We are here more informative,more vocal, more argumentative but on the other hand we have lost our vision,our wisdom and our value -based society-structure.Socially,Politically,economically and culturally we have changed ourselves because of this Globalization . The drastic economic change and change in business-style and pattern-all these have changed Literature too.The Globalization have changed all these .But we have to remember that these have affected to the educationally equipped or to the city-based or Metro-based people only.More than 70-80% people are still living in villages,away from the light of the Globalization or changing society.They are chugging very slowly and it will take at least a decade to come into this Globalize trend of the society.
In this light, we would like to discuss the theme of Globalization in two literally novels- First one is, "One Night @The Call Center by Chetan Bhagat and Second one is, "White Tiger by Arvind Adiga"
Globalization in One Night @ the Call Center:-
One Night @ the Call Center is the novel written by Chetan Bhagat. The novel published in 2005. It is a call center ,where there are six characters are working.The author at call center,have presented Gurgon-Hariyana as a locale.The author love showed us various dark-sided pictures of the call center.The workers get good salary but they can not use their skill or creativity to change their lives.The Author have presented the Youth's problems and their struggle in the Age of this Globalization.
The Very Globalization has brought Privatization which means only hard-work,bossism and no use of one's skill or originality .Monotony only can prevail there.No life,No enthusiasm,nothing New at all! Bakshi is an Evil Boss.He treated his workers as an object and not as a human-being.he has changed their Names and identity and gave them westernized names !
Here are some examples -
Shyam Mehra – Sam Mercy
Varun Malhotra - Victor
Radhika Jha – Regima Jones
Esha singh – Elina
The novel One Night @ the Call Center we can connect with the Friedman’s idea of flatterers. One Night @ the Call Center connect with 3rd flatterer “Workflow software” where he talks about the technology and tells that world is become flat. In this book he talks about a new era of 21st century, world become very small. (Parmar)
“Globalization is the integration of capital, technology and information across national borders, in away that is creating a single global market, and to some degree, a global market”. - By Thomas L. Friedman “The World Is Flat”.
In this novel Chetan Bhgat shows that how BPO sector rapidly developed in urban India and could create more jobs by the mid of first decade of 21st century .All six major characters works very robotically in the 'Connexions Call Center'.
Through the character of Esha The author shows that how the young generation of India try to be a model and they suffer a lot.She maintains her figure and outlook, her life style, food, clothes all are similar to westerner. On the other side Priyanka’s mother also has deep crave for the NRI son in lows,All this show the high impact of westernization on Indian-mind.
Consumerism:
With the new growing global scenario, 'Consumerism' has came out as one of the major sprawling things. Chetan Bhagat criticized this type of as an unjustifiable behavior: a kind of craze to get hold of things, when you don't even need them. To inject and promote the selling of a particular thing,advertisement-agencies are to be blamed.They sell all non-sense ideas to create a bazar for the particular product. The subtle observation of the writer at one point definitely makes us to reflect on the nonsense fair that we have been wandering in. The six characters in the story, in order to relieve themselves of troublesome and painful l night experience, visit a night club. On the return journey as Vroom feels like vomiting, gets down along with Shaym, where they see several advertising hoardings along the road:
".... showing all kinds of people: a couple all smiles because they had just bought a toothbrush; a group of friends giggling over their mobile phones; a family happily feeding their kid junk food; a young graduate jumping with joy, clutching a credit card; a girl holding seven shopping bags and beaming. All the ads had one thing in common. Everyone looked incredibly happy" Upon it Vroom says,
"What the hell are they so happy about? .... Look at that toothbrush couple.
My mom and dad, they are never that happy."(Bhagat 211)
It is a reality, as Vroom says further, that nobody cares for anything, The channels who say they are for today's youth, say so, "....because they want the damn Pizza Huts and Cokes and Pepsis of the world to come and give their ads of them ....we will be happy. Like young people don't have a fucking brain"(213). (Kshirsagar, Bonde and Shinde)
That is very harsh reality and that’s why Vroom very radically ask various questions that in this global era various advertisements represent the youth very happy and without any problems but in reality they have various obstacles and trouble in their real life.
On the other side some positive points are also there for growing Globalization and Urbanization it’s creates number of opportunity for women also. Man and Woman both works together with same rules and regulations. So it is beneficial for women empowerment. And youth also learn more that how to use technology in this modern era.
Globalization in The White Tigre :-
Aarvind Adiga wrote this novel in 2008 and he is the fifth writer who won the Man Booker Prize for this debut novel in 2008. Adiga born in India but raised in Australia. In this novel through the character of Balram writer shows the reality of Indian poor people. Balram born and brought up in village in a very poor family. He worked on a Tea – Shop and then he worked as a taxi driver and then one day he killed his boss Mr.Ashok and he finds a new successful life of entrepreneurship in the hub of India’s globalization- the city of Bangalore. So it is a story of “rags to reaches”. And this whole story he tells to Mr.Jiabao through the letters. The major theme of the novel is to present the impact of globalization on Indian democracy.
Balram justifies his actions as the only resort for resistance left in his state of oppression. It was either to submit to servitude that society had destined for him, or to break out of the coop and embrace the global network, even if that includes murder. The rhetoric he uses is thus essentially one of binaries- old India vs. new India, the feudal oppression vs. the neoliberal liberation, the failed state vs. the successful market. The novel depicts that Globalization replaces the native culture by consumerist culture. Take for example, when Balram says, “I should explain to you, Mr Jiabao, that in this country we have two kinds of men: Indian liquor men and English liquor men. Indian liquor was for village boys like me - toddy, arrack, country hooch. English liquor naturally is for rich. Rum, whisky, beer, gin - anything the English left behind.”(The White Tiger 73) (Sharma, The impact of Globalization on Indian Culture and literature: Aravind Adiga's The White Tiger)
“you’ve got plenty of places to drink beer, dance, pick up girls, that sort of thing. A small bit of America in India” (173). So through this writer shows that how Pinky Madam and Mr.Ashok both had very influence of American culture. Delhi represent as a mini America.
It shows the globalization. The reader can see just how embedded American culture is in the Indian society.English language is also played a very vital role. English is represented as the language of master or superior in India. There are many examples in the novel which bring to light the superiority of English language. The opening of the novel itself suggests the dominance and supremacy of English. Balram writes to Jiabao, “Neither you nor I speak English but, there are some things that can only be said in English” (3). Another instance is “Ashok,’ she said. ‘Now hear this. Balram, what is it we’re eating?’ I knew it was a trap, but what could I do? – I answered. The two of them burst into giggles. ‘Say it again, Balram. They laughed again. ‘It’s not p iJJA. It’s pizza. Say it properly.’ ‘Wait – you’re mispronouncing it too. There’s a T in the middle. Peet.Zah” (154).
So, through these various examples we can understand that how writer shows that Globalization is there in every field.Adiga also shows the poor and marginalized villages of India and the system of servitude also reflect well. Servitude and marginalization both directly shows the poverty and suffering of the poor. That’s why Adiga portrayed the "India of Darkness", represented by Balram Halawai of Laxmangarh, and the "India of Light", symbolized by Mr. Ashok of New Delhi.
As per Rano Ringo’s views in the article “ Aarvind Adiga’s The White Tiger: An Insight into the facts of a Globalized India” he satirized Indian society in various dimensions like on Education system of India, In Corruption of India he said that “ Men with big Bellies and Men with small Bellies”( Adiga,2008,64) and role of Religion is also plays in modern day India. Martin Geoffrey describes the four major religious positions that are integral part of the Global Age in the following order: intransigent, conservative, pluralist and relativist. He criticized on Indian family and Indian traditional marriage also. (Ringo)
So, the main aspect of this globalization is “And only two destinies: eat or get eaten up”.
Conclusion:-
So, at the end we can say that both the novel are try to open the real skeleton of India and impact of Globalization and shows the positive as well as negative side of Globalization.
Works Cited
Kshirsagar, Anil, R P Bonde and Suvarna T Shinde. "Globalization and the Changing Urban Realities in India in Chetan Bhagat's One Night @ The Call Center and 2 States." The Criterion, An International Journal in English (2012).
Parmar, Jinal. "Major themas in The One Night @ the Call Center."
Ringo, Rano. "Aravind Adiga's The White Tiger:An Insight into the Facets of a Globalived India." 2012.
Sharma, Richa. "The impact of Globalization on Indian Culture and literature: Aravind Adiga's The White Tiger." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development (2017).
—. "The impact of globalization on Indian culture and literature: Aravind Adiga's The White Tiger." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development (2017).
—. "The impact of globalization on Indian culture and literature: Aravind Adiga's The White Tigrer." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development (2017).
Paper :13 The New Literature
Topic: Globalization in One Night @ the Call Center and The White Tiger
Roll No. : 12
Submitted to.: Department of English ,Bhavnagar.
Abstract:-
The present study analyses the impact of Globalization on Indian Literature and culture with reference to Chetan Bhagat’s One Night @ the Call Center and Aravind Adiga’s The White Tiger. The effects of Globalization can be seen in the Indian Literature. Indian fiction finds reflections of various globalization themes. Globalization has assisted in the creation of an American atmosphere in India. Indian culture is no exception to this transformation process. With the emergence of globalization in India, our age old traditions and customs have loosened up their hold. (Sharma)
What is Globalization?
Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nation, a process driving by international trade and investment and aided by information technology”.
The term ‘Globalization’ is derived from the word ‘globalize’, which refers to the emergence of an international network of economic systems.
Globalization is the key word to understand today's world., 'Global Village' is todays slogan.Of course we ,Indians already are aware of "Vasudheav Kutumbakam"mantra in ancient India but today's Globalization is a quite different and is based on scientific development and need of the todays mankind to live,to prosper and to survive more peacefully.
Globalization has no boundaries of family,village,town or of a nation.This way it is boundary less 'All are one 'is the motto here.Everyone can have anything one wants,provided one has capacity to have it.No barrier if one is capable of having it.Science -Technology has made this possible.But this Globalization has other face also.Only rich and power full or say that the 'Fittest to Survive' will get everything that they want or wish while others will be deprived of having the same .Due to their inefficiency or incapability.
But this Globalization has winded our horizon.We are able to have anything which is useful to us.Medicines,Luxurious items,goods and grains and what not?! This Globalization has made our home a "Mini World"and the whole world is a 'Mini-home' to all of us. This has beneficial us all.One can visit,stay or live anywhere and can get everything he wants,if one is capable enough to have it.
It is a continuous process of inter action and integration among the people,companies and governments of different nations,a process driving by international trade and investment and aided by information technology.
The Term 'Globalization' is derived from the world 'Global' which refers to the 'whole world is a village' and to international network of economic systems.
Impact of Globalization on Indian culture:-
Globalization has change our social conditions and its impact on Indian people.We-Indians-have started to live as foreigners are living.Indian People are imitating foreigners in their dresses and make-ups,life-style and behavior. Indians are becoming westernized ! Indians are leaving their traditions,values and are blindly imitating westernized people.Family-relations,respect towards the elderly people, Varna-Aashram based society-structure,marriage -remarriages and other rituals ,celebration of our Indian-festivals and even farming and business -all these have changed.Our education system also diluted and transformed in to fully westernize one!
Thus the Globalization have changed Indian culture-from education to Arts,business,human relationship, style and life-style a lot.Though Indian culture has great potential,we are blindly following the westernized one ! Pizza-Huts and MacDonald's have reached into every city and villages too!Father's Day or X-mas celebration or Mother's Day have taken place with our Holi-Dhuleti ,Dipawali Festivals! Women are coming more free,brave and more alert and socioeconomically independent .This is how Globalization have affected Indian Society and culture.
Impact of Globalization on Indian Literature:-
Globalization have its effects on our Literature too.It has changed the out look of the society,of the author and of the surroundings too. "Literature is the X-Ray image of the life " and so the changes are reflected in to literature too. Globalization have winded the horizon but,on the other side,it has abolished our uniqueness .We have here now Re-marriages and 'Live-in -Relationships'!We are here more informative,more vocal, more argumentative but on the other hand we have lost our vision,our wisdom and our value -based society-structure.Socially,Politically,economically and culturally we have changed ourselves because of this Globalization . The drastic economic change and change in business-style and pattern-all these have changed Literature too.The Globalization have changed all these .But we have to remember that these have affected to the educationally equipped or to the city-based or Metro-based people only.More than 70-80% people are still living in villages,away from the light of the Globalization or changing society.They are chugging very slowly and it will take at least a decade to come into this Globalize trend of the society.
In this light, we would like to discuss the theme of Globalization in two literally novels- First one is, "One Night @The Call Center by Chetan Bhagat and Second one is, "White Tiger by Arvind Adiga"
Globalization in One Night @ the Call Center:-
One Night @ the Call Center is the novel written by Chetan Bhagat. The novel published in 2005. It is a call center ,where there are six characters are working.The author at call center,have presented Gurgon-Hariyana as a locale.The author love showed us various dark-sided pictures of the call center.The workers get good salary but they can not use their skill or creativity to change their lives.The Author have presented the Youth's problems and their struggle in the Age of this Globalization.
The Very Globalization has brought Privatization which means only hard-work,bossism and no use of one's skill or originality .Monotony only can prevail there.No life,No enthusiasm,nothing New at all! Bakshi is an Evil Boss.He treated his workers as an object and not as a human-being.he has changed their Names and identity and gave them westernized names !
Here are some examples -
Shyam Mehra – Sam Mercy
Varun Malhotra - Victor
Radhika Jha – Regima Jones
Esha singh – Elina
The novel One Night @ the Call Center we can connect with the Friedman’s idea of flatterers. One Night @ the Call Center connect with 3rd flatterer “Workflow software” where he talks about the technology and tells that world is become flat. In this book he talks about a new era of 21st century, world become very small. (Parmar)
“Globalization is the integration of capital, technology and information across national borders, in away that is creating a single global market, and to some degree, a global market”. - By Thomas L. Friedman “The World Is Flat”.
In this novel Chetan Bhgat shows that how BPO sector rapidly developed in urban India and could create more jobs by the mid of first decade of 21st century .All six major characters works very robotically in the 'Connexions Call Center'.
Through the character of Esha The author shows that how the young generation of India try to be a model and they suffer a lot.She maintains her figure and outlook, her life style, food, clothes all are similar to westerner. On the other side Priyanka’s mother also has deep crave for the NRI son in lows,All this show the high impact of westernization on Indian-mind.
Consumerism:
With the new growing global scenario, 'Consumerism' has came out as one of the major sprawling things. Chetan Bhagat criticized this type of as an unjustifiable behavior: a kind of craze to get hold of things, when you don't even need them. To inject and promote the selling of a particular thing,advertisement-agencies are to be blamed.They sell all non-sense ideas to create a bazar for the particular product. The subtle observation of the writer at one point definitely makes us to reflect on the nonsense fair that we have been wandering in. The six characters in the story, in order to relieve themselves of troublesome and painful l night experience, visit a night club. On the return journey as Vroom feels like vomiting, gets down along with Shaym, where they see several advertising hoardings along the road:
".... showing all kinds of people: a couple all smiles because they had just bought a toothbrush; a group of friends giggling over their mobile phones; a family happily feeding their kid junk food; a young graduate jumping with joy, clutching a credit card; a girl holding seven shopping bags and beaming. All the ads had one thing in common. Everyone looked incredibly happy" Upon it Vroom says,
"What the hell are they so happy about? .... Look at that toothbrush couple.
My mom and dad, they are never that happy."(Bhagat 211)
It is a reality, as Vroom says further, that nobody cares for anything, The channels who say they are for today's youth, say so, "....because they want the damn Pizza Huts and Cokes and Pepsis of the world to come and give their ads of them ....we will be happy. Like young people don't have a fucking brain"(213). (Kshirsagar, Bonde and Shinde)
That is very harsh reality and that’s why Vroom very radically ask various questions that in this global era various advertisements represent the youth very happy and without any problems but in reality they have various obstacles and trouble in their real life.
On the other side some positive points are also there for growing Globalization and Urbanization it’s creates number of opportunity for women also. Man and Woman both works together with same rules and regulations. So it is beneficial for women empowerment. And youth also learn more that how to use technology in this modern era.
Globalization in The White Tigre :-
Aarvind Adiga wrote this novel in 2008 and he is the fifth writer who won the Man Booker Prize for this debut novel in 2008. Adiga born in India but raised in Australia. In this novel through the character of Balram writer shows the reality of Indian poor people. Balram born and brought up in village in a very poor family. He worked on a Tea – Shop and then he worked as a taxi driver and then one day he killed his boss Mr.Ashok and he finds a new successful life of entrepreneurship in the hub of India’s globalization- the city of Bangalore. So it is a story of “rags to reaches”. And this whole story he tells to Mr.Jiabao through the letters. The major theme of the novel is to present the impact of globalization on Indian democracy.
Balram justifies his actions as the only resort for resistance left in his state of oppression. It was either to submit to servitude that society had destined for him, or to break out of the coop and embrace the global network, even if that includes murder. The rhetoric he uses is thus essentially one of binaries- old India vs. new India, the feudal oppression vs. the neoliberal liberation, the failed state vs. the successful market. The novel depicts that Globalization replaces the native culture by consumerist culture. Take for example, when Balram says, “I should explain to you, Mr Jiabao, that in this country we have two kinds of men: Indian liquor men and English liquor men. Indian liquor was for village boys like me - toddy, arrack, country hooch. English liquor naturally is for rich. Rum, whisky, beer, gin - anything the English left behind.”(The White Tiger 73) (Sharma, The impact of Globalization on Indian Culture and literature: Aravind Adiga's The White Tiger)
“you’ve got plenty of places to drink beer, dance, pick up girls, that sort of thing. A small bit of America in India” (173). So through this writer shows that how Pinky Madam and Mr.Ashok both had very influence of American culture. Delhi represent as a mini America.
It shows the globalization. The reader can see just how embedded American culture is in the Indian society.English language is also played a very vital role. English is represented as the language of master or superior in India. There are many examples in the novel which bring to light the superiority of English language. The opening of the novel itself suggests the dominance and supremacy of English. Balram writes to Jiabao, “Neither you nor I speak English but, there are some things that can only be said in English” (3). Another instance is “Ashok,’ she said. ‘Now hear this. Balram, what is it we’re eating?’ I knew it was a trap, but what could I do? – I answered. The two of them burst into giggles. ‘Say it again, Balram. They laughed again. ‘It’s not p iJJA. It’s pizza. Say it properly.’ ‘Wait – you’re mispronouncing it too. There’s a T in the middle. Peet.Zah” (154).
So, through these various examples we can understand that how writer shows that Globalization is there in every field.Adiga also shows the poor and marginalized villages of India and the system of servitude also reflect well. Servitude and marginalization both directly shows the poverty and suffering of the poor. That’s why Adiga portrayed the "India of Darkness", represented by Balram Halawai of Laxmangarh, and the "India of Light", symbolized by Mr. Ashok of New Delhi.
As per Rano Ringo’s views in the article “ Aarvind Adiga’s The White Tiger: An Insight into the facts of a Globalized India” he satirized Indian society in various dimensions like on Education system of India, In Corruption of India he said that “ Men with big Bellies and Men with small Bellies”( Adiga,2008,64) and role of Religion is also plays in modern day India. Martin Geoffrey describes the four major religious positions that are integral part of the Global Age in the following order: intransigent, conservative, pluralist and relativist. He criticized on Indian family and Indian traditional marriage also. (Ringo)
So, the main aspect of this globalization is “And only two destinies: eat or get eaten up”.
Conclusion:-
So, at the end we can say that both the novel are try to open the real skeleton of India and impact of Globalization and shows the positive as well as negative side of Globalization.
Works Cited
Kshirsagar, Anil, R P Bonde and Suvarna T Shinde. "Globalization and the Changing Urban Realities in India in Chetan Bhagat's One Night @ The Call Center and 2 States." The Criterion, An International Journal in English (2012).
Parmar, Jinal. "Major themas in The One Night @ the Call Center."
Ringo, Rano. "Aravind Adiga's The White Tiger:An Insight into the Facets of a Globalived India." 2012.
Sharma, Richa. "The impact of Globalization on Indian Culture and literature: Aravind Adiga's The White Tiger." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development (2017).
—. "The impact of globalization on Indian culture and literature: Aravind Adiga's The White Tiger." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development (2017).
—. "The impact of globalization on Indian culture and literature: Aravind Adiga's The White Tigrer." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development (2017).
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